{"product_id":"annual-calender-1907-ottoman-turkish-1325-stars-alchemy-astronomer-zodiac-empire","title":"Annual Calender 1907 Ottoman Turkish 1325 Stars Alchemy Astronomer Zodiac Empire","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"78\"\u003e\u003cem data-start=\"0\" data-end=\"30\"\u003eTakvim-i Sal (Yıllık Takvim - Annual Calender)\u003c\/em\u003e – Mokosyan Matbaası Edition (1325 AH \/ c. 1907)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"262\" data-end=\"999\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(170, 26, 23);\"\u003eDescription:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"278\" data-end=\"281\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"94\" data-end=\"444\"\u003eThis is an Ottoman-era annual calendar titled \u003cem data-start=\"140\" data-end=\"154\"\u003eTakvim-i Sal\u003c\/em\u003e, printed around 1325 AH (circa 1907) at Mokosyan Printing House with official permission from the Maarif Nezareti (Ministry of Education). The work was prepared by Müneccimbaşı Seyyid Mehmed Arif, a chief court astronomer responsible for official calendrical and astronomical calculations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"446\" data-end=\"707\"\u003eWith its compact size of 11.1 x 8.3 cm, this booklet represents a typical portable reference used in everyday Ottoman life. These annual calendars were widely used not only for tracking time but also for religious, agricultural, and practical planning purposes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"709\" data-end=\"1008\"\u003eSuch works functioned as multifunctional guides combining religious observances, astronomical data, and everyday life instructions. They were especially valued for their official reliability, as they were prepared under the supervision of the Müneccimbaşı, the chief astronomer of the Ottoman court.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1010\" data-end=\"1361\"\u003eThe Müneccimbaşı was not merely an astrologer in the modern sense, but an official state astronomer responsible for preparing calendars, determining the start of Ramadan, and selecting auspicious times for important state affairs. His calculations were based on advanced knowledge of astronomy and mathematical precision.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1363\" data-end=\"1752\"\u003eThe content of this booklet typically includes prayer times, sunrise and sunset schedules, Islamic holidays, and meteorological predictions known in popular tradition as “Kocakarı Soğukları,” “Cemre düşmesi,” and storm cycles. It also provides information on celestial events such as solar and lunar eclipses and planetary movements, along with their perceived effects on seasonal changes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1754\" data-end=\"2057\"\u003eAdditionally, the calendar includes agricultural guidance such as planting and harvesting periods, as well as brief notes on official institutions of the time. It also features sections on zodiac signs and astrological interpretations, which were commonly integrated into Ottoman calendrical literature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2059\" data-end=\"2309\"\u003eA notable historical element of this edition is the presence of a dedication page expressing gratitude to Sultan Abdülhamid II, reflecting the close relationship between state authority and official scientific publications in the late Ottoman period.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2311\" data-end=\"2467\"\u003ePrinted by Mokosyan Matbaası, operated by an Ottoman-Armenian publisher, this work also reflects the multicultural nature of the empire’s printing industry.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2469\" data-end=\"2615\"\u003eThis booklet stands as a valuable collectible, combining astronomy, religion, daily life, and state authority within a single compact publication.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"262\" data-end=\"999\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"color: rgb(170, 26, 23);\"\u003eKey Features:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2632\" data-end=\"2675\"\u003e• Title: \u003cem data-start=\"2641\" data-end=\"2655\"\u003eTakvim-i Sal\u003c\/em\u003e (Annual Calendar)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2677\" data-end=\"2707\"\u003e• Date: 1325 AH (circa 1907)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2709\" data-end=\"2757\"\u003e• Prepared by: Müneccimbaşı Seyyid Mehmed Arif\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2759\" data-end=\"2791\"\u003e• Publisher: Mokosyan Matbaası\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2793\" data-end=\"2822\"\u003e• Language: Ottoman Turkish\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2824\" data-end=\"2880\"\u003e• Format: Pocket-sized annual calendar (11.1 x 8.3 cm)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2882\" data-end=\"2987\"\u003e• Content: Prayer times; astronomical data; weather predictions; agricultural guidance; zodiac sections\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2989\" data-end=\"3077\"\u003e• Special Features: Includes zodiac information and dedication to Sultan Abdülhamid II\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3079\" data-end=\"3146\"\u003e• Official Approval: Published with permission of Maarif Nezareti\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3148\" data-end=\"3221\"\u003e• Historical Context: Late Ottoman scientific and calendrical tradition\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3223\" data-end=\"3293\"\u003e• Significance: Official state calendar prepared by court astronomer\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3295\" data-end=\"3367\"\u003e• Cultural Context: Integration of astronomy, religion, and daily life\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"3369\" data-end=\"3451\"\u003e• Collector Appeal: Rare Ottoman official calendar with Abdülhamid II dedication\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Turkrex Collectables","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":49024286163082,"sku":null,"price":120.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0716\/3687\/7450\/files\/1_a27bcc65-3e6f-484e-b912-7305de0b5eae.jpg?v=1777804017","url":"https:\/\/turkrexcollectables.com\/products\/annual-calender-1907-ottoman-turkish-1325-stars-alchemy-astronomer-zodiac-empire","provider":"Turkrex Collectables","version":"1.0","type":"link"}